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The selection of bearings can be approached from the following aspects:

1、 Load direction, size, and properties

All radial bearings can withstand radial loads, all thrust bearings can withstand axial loads, and angular contact ball bearings and tapered roller bearings can be selected for combined radial and axial loads.

The size of the load is usually determined by the size of the bearing. The larger the size of the bearing, the greater the load it can withstand. The load-bearing capacity of roller bearings is generally greater than that of ball bearings of the same size. Full roller bearings can withstand heavier loads than bearings with corresponding cages. So, ball bearings are mostly used for medium or small loads. Under heavy loads and large shaft diameters, roller bearings are generally more suitable.

Angular contact ball bearings and tapered roller bearings need to be installed and used in pairs.

When the load is not acting on the center of the bearing, an overturning moment will be generated. In this case, it is best to use double row bearings (such as double row deep groove ball bearings or double row angular contact ball bearings, etc.), or single row angular contact ball bearings or tapered roller bearings that are paired face-to-face or back-to-back. Generally, back-to-back bearings have higher load-bearing capacity.

2、 Rotational speed

The working speed of general bearings should be lower than the limit speed listed in the bearing model table. Deep groove ball bearings, angular contact ball bearings, and cylindrical roller bearings have high limit speeds and are suitable for high-speed operation. The maximum speed of thrust bearings is relatively low.

3、 Support limit requirements

The shaft or other components of rotating machinery are usually supported by a fixed end bearing and a floating end bearing. A bearing that can withstand bidirectional axial loads can be used as a fixed support limit for axial displacement in both directions. Bearings that can only withstand unidirectional axial loads can be used as unidirectional limit supports. The floating support has no limit, and can use centripetal bearings with inseparable inner and outer rings to move in the bearing seat hole, or cylindrical roller bearings with separable inner and outer rings that can move relative to each other.

4、 Heart regulating performance

When the coaxiality of the two bearing seat holes cannot be guaranteed or the deflection of the shaft is large due to various possible reasons, good self-aligning performance of self-aligning ball bearings, self-aligning roller bearings, and thrust spherical roller bearings should be selected. These bearings can withstand angle errors under load and compensate for initial errors caused by processing or installation errors, while deep groove ball bearings and cylindrical roller bearings cannot withstand any angle errors.

5、 Stiffness requirements

The stiffness of a rolling bearing refers to the degree to which the bearing undergoes elastic deformation under load. This kind of deformation is usually very small and can be ignored. But in some applications, such as bearings for machine tool spindles or small gear bearings, stiffness is very important.

The stiffness of roller bearings is generally high, while that of ball bearings is low. The pre tightening method can be used to improve the stiffness of the support for angular contact ball bearings and tapered roller bearings.

6、 Other

In situations where radial space is limited, needle roller bearings or needle roller and cage components can be used; In situations where there are requirements for bearing vibration and noise, low-noise deep groove ball bearings can be selected; Bearings that require high rotational accuracy (such as machine tool spindles) and are applied to high-speed working conditions should use bearings with higher accuracy than ordinary grade.

Finally, it should be emphasized that when selecting bearing types, economic efficiency and market supply conditions should also be considered.